Damage in field crops like castor (Ricinus communis), sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) and maize (Zea mays) is due to stray animals. To control this problem at the time of sowing of these crops, the two line of castor (Ricinus communis) seeds sown around the field as border crops which are coated with three days old sour buttermilk. Animals are away from the field due to foul smell. This practice is learnt from forefathers.
Formulation: Use of castor (Ricinus communis) and buttermilk for protection of field crops from stray animals.
Ingredients: Castor (Ricinus communis) and buttermilk
"Fermented solutions and extracts made with such leaves and seeds act asexcellent pest repellents by creating unpleasant odors. When sprayed, thesesolutions prevent pests from feeding on plants (South Asia Conference on ‘Outstanding Organic Agriculture Techniques’Bengaluru, India. 10-11 September 2009."
https://www.indiawaterportal.org/sites/indiawaterportal.org/files/Crop%20production%20and%20plant%20protection%20in%20organic%20farming_SR%20Sundararaman_TNFTA_Erode_OFAI%20SAC_2009.pdf
Common Home made organic pesticides used in the region Fermented Butter Milk pesticide (Back to nature : Tribal farmers taking up organic farming in a big wayBack to nature : Tribal farmers taking up organic farming in a big way)
PAS 3: "Castor oil; natural repellent that keeps away burrowing animals such as moles (Top Five Strategies to Protect Crops from Wild Animals."
https://blog.agrivi.com/post/top-five-strategies-to-protect-crops-from-wild-animals )
"Castor plant as trap crop - Trap crops are those crops which are planted along with the main cash crop to protect it from a specific pest or several pests by attracting them for feeding, breeding and survival."
http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/content/trap-crops-tool-managing-insect-pests-damage