Combating Aphids In Fruits And Vegetables
About the Practice
Aphids cause extensive damage to fruits and vegetables, especially during the flowering stages. They suck out the sap from the flowers and cause them to dry up. Mohanbhai Lalabhai Jala uses the tender leaves of kerda (Capparis decidua) to overcome this problem. Five kgs of tender leaves of kerda is boiled in seven litres of water. The mixture is sprayed on the crop three to four times. The mixture is effective, not only against aphids, but also other sucking pests. Mohanbhai came across this practice when he visited Nashik eight years ago. He has since then been using it in his own fields with good results.
About the Innovator
Agro-Ecological Zone: Agro Ecological Sub Region (ICAR) : Central Highlands (Malwa), Gujarat Plain And Kathiawar Peninsula, Semi-Arid Eco-Region (5.2), Agro-Climatic Region (Planning Commission) : Gujarat plains and hill region (XIII), Agro Climatic Zone (NARP) : Middle Gujarat Agro Climatic zone(GJ-3), North Gujarat Zone GJ-4
Address: Kalasar, Zaravat, Mahmedabad
District: Kheda
State: Gujarat
PIN Code 387130
Practice Details
Crop: Fruits and Vegetables
Formulation: 5 kg of tender leaves of kerda is boiled in 7 L of water.
Ingredients: Leaves of Kerda
PAS 1:
"Extracts of Capparis decidua stems and flowers showed insecticidal and oviposition inhibitory activities against Bruchus chinensis. The LC50 values of these extracts were found to increase with the increase in the polarity of the extract at different exposure periods. For instance, after 96 h, the LC50 values were found to be 3.619, 7.319, and 10.151 μg for CD1, CD2, and CD3, respectively. Extract CD7 was effective only at higher doses. The toxicity was found to be dose and time dependent. The females laid lesser number of eggs, when exposed to sublethal doses of different extracts and pure compounds, as compared to control. The maximum oviposition deterrence index was found for extract CD1 followed in decreasing order by CD2, CD3, and CD7. From extract CD1, two compounds were isolated and characterized as triacontanol (C1) and 2-carboxy-1, 1-dimethylpyrrolidine (C2). When the females were exposed to sublethal doses of these compounds, they laid lesser number of eggs as compared to the control. C2 was found to have a slightly greater oviposition inhibition effect than C1. From fraction CD7, one novel compound labelled as CDF1 has been isolated and identified as 6-(1-hydroxy-non-3-enyl) tetrahydropyran-2-one. CDF1 has also shown insecticidal and oviposition inhibitory activities against B. chinensis at low concentrations [Singh, Ummed & Mishra, Dhruv & Bajpai, Anuja & Meena, Harikesh & Sharma, Deepak & Mehan, Sidharth. (2011). Capparis decidua (kair): an updated review on medicinal uses. Int J Biopharm Toxicol Res. 1.]"
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343335354_Capparis_decidua_kair_an_updated_review_on_medicinal_uses
"It was found that Della plant has good insecticidal activities. In a research, it has shown more competitive insecticidal activity than any other plant species like Artemisia princeps and Cinnamomum camphora and Melia dubia and chemical constituents occur in Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Mentha arvensis (Japanese mint), and Azadirachta indica against adults of Sitophilus oryzae. Its volatile components have shown much higher contact and fumigant activities than found in Piper nigrum, Curcuma longa, Artemisia anuua and in corn leaf essential oil against stored grain insects. However, due to the presence of volatile chemicals such as glucosinolate present in C. decidua, alkaloids, glucosinolates, sterols, flavonoids present in Capparis aegyptia as well as quercetin, coumarins, rutic acid, saponins, and pectic acid have shown very high insecticidal activity against stored grain insect larvae and adults.[ Júnior et al., 2019, A comprehensive review on phytochemistry and biological activities of Della (Capparis decidua) , IJCBS, 15(2019):69-73, "
http://www.iscientific.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/11-IJCBS-19-15-11.pdf
"Capparis decidua is a xerophytic popular shrub and its various plant parts and products have been used extensively for many years in food products and traditional folk medicine. Plant possesses contains toxic components, mainly volatile principles that have shown enormous insecticidal activity against a wide range of insect pests. On an average 90-95%, mortality was observed in larvae and adults of many insect species and it was found to be dose dependent. Further, Capparis decidua extracts and its constituents have shown significant repellent action in large number of insect larvae and adults, inhibited oviposition in susceptible female adults and disallow the emergence of F individuals by blocking the development. Further, C. decidu a 1 extracts have potentially affected the basic metabolites mainly glycogens, free amino acids, proteins, D, Rin treated insects in comparison to control. In addition sub-lethal concentration (40% and 80% of LD ) 50 of C. decidua solvent extracts and its constituents have significantly y ( p <0.05) altered the activity of aci d phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase in adults and larvae of S. oryzae, T. castaneum, R. dominica, Callasobruchus chinenesi s at a very low concentration after 16 hrs treatment [Upadhyay, Ravi. (2013). R.K. Upadhyay 2013. Insecticidal activities of (Capparis
decidua: Capparidaceae) a Desert
Shrub: a Review. World Journal of Zoology.. World Journal of Zoology.. 8. 75-93.]"
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236635641_RK_Upadhyay_2013_Insecticidal_activities_of_Capparis_decidua_Capparidaceae_a_Desert_Shrub_a_Review_World_Journal_of_Zoology