Detail:

Samuel from the Kanyakumari district in Tamil Nadu uses Neem (Azadirachta indica) to control root grubs in brinjal. After grinding the Neem cake, the powdered neem (Azadirachta indica) cake and apply to the field.

Knowledge Provider / Innovator: Samuel
Agro-Ecological Zone: High Rainfall Zone (TN-6)
Address: Swami Koil street Agastheeswaram Kanyakumari
District: Kanyakumari
State: Tamil Nadu
PIN Code 629701

Crop: Brinjal
Crop Family: Solanaceae
Crop Scientific Name: (Solanum melongena)
Crop Vernacular Name: Ringan, Baigan
Formulation: The powdered neem (Azadirachta indica) cake
Ingredients: Neem (Azadirachta indica) cake.

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PAS 1:

"Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) has been demonstrated to reduce insect populations in stored products through its toxic and growth-disrupting and other effects on the pests. Grain movement and percussion also help to kill pests in grain. The combination of neem and grain movement on population growth and development of four insect pests is reported in this study. Dried whole Neem leaves, neem leaf powder and neem seed kernel oil were combined individually with dried beans and rice in separate experiments, and subjected to varying degrees of gentle grain tumbling. The results showedthat the combined treatments were more effective in reducing populations and disturbing growth and development of (Acanthoscelides obtectus) Say, Bruchidae), (Sitophilus oryzae) Linnaeus, Curculionidae, (Oryzaephilus surinamensis) Linnaeus, Silvanidae and (Cryptolestes ferrugineus) Stephens, Cucujidae compared to the untreated control or the neem or tumbling treatments alone. This study demonstrates the potential of a simple, effective and cheap method of protecting stored seed or food grain in small-scale storage for resource-poor farmers who do not have access to sophisticated control methods, entoleters or other mechanical devices for grain protection. [Facknath, S. Combination of neem and physical disturbance for the control of four insect pests of stored products. Int J Trop Insect Sci 26, 16–27 (2006)."
https://doi.org/10.1079/IJT200698]

PAS 2:

"Neem oil contains at least 100 biologically active compounds. Among them, the major constituents are triterpenes known as limonoids, the most important being azadirachtin .which appears to cause 90% of the effect on most pests. The compound has a melting point of 160°C and molecular weight of 720 g/mol. Other components present include meliantriol, nimbin, nimbidin, nimbinin, nimbolides, fatty acids (oleic, stearic, and palmitic), and salannin. [Campos EV, de Oliveira JL, Pascoli M, de Lima R, Fraceto LF. Neem Oil and Crop
Protection: From Now to the Future. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:1494. Published 2016 Oct 13.
doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.01494]"
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5061770/

PAS 3:

"Put a thin layer, about 1 1/2 centimetres, of fresh neem leaves in the bottom of whatever container you use to store grain. On top of that put in a layer of sun dried grain about 30 centimetres thick. Then put in another thin layer of neem, and on top of that another 30 centimetres of grain. Keep on alternating a thin layer of neem leaves with a thicker layer of grain up to the top of the container. Then close it up. Your grain will be safe from insects. [Neem Protects Stored Grain, G. Venkataramani, Agricultural Correspondent, The Hindu, Kasturi Buildings, Anna Salai, Madras ‑ 600 002, INDIA.]"
http://scripts.farmradio.fm/radio-resource-packs/package-29/neem-protects-stored-grain/#:~:text=Put%20a%20thin%20layer%2C%20about,another%2030%20centimetres%20of%20grain.