Detail:

Patel approximately crushes 500 gm of fruits of (Solanum surattense). along with its seeds and boils it in water. This decoction is enough for treating 20 kg of seeds of groundnut. Nightshade is a thorny plant that spreads on the ground in rainy season. It is generally found on pastures, wasteland and river banks. It bears violet flowers and yellow fruits.

Knowledge Provider / Innovator: Nathubhai Bachecharbhai Patel
Agro-Ecological Zone: North Gujarat Agroclimatic zone (GJ-4)
Address: Jambudi Rampur Himmatnagar Sabarkantha Gujarat
District: Sabarkantha
State: Gujarat
PIN Code 383001

Formulation: 500 gm of fruits of (Solanum surattense) along with its seeds and boils it in water and added 20 kg of seeds of groundnut.
Ingredients: The fruit and seeds of the bhoyringni or nightshade (Solanum surattense) plant and water.

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PAS 1:

"The chemical analysis of extracts revealed the presence of numerous glycoalkaloids and glucosinolates in Solanumnigrum and Armoraciarusticana extracts. These extracts, as well as their main components, revealed lethal and sublethal effects, such as the altered developmental time of various life stages and malformations of imagoes. Interestingly, the results for the extracts and pure main compounds often varied. Some of the results were also observed in the unexposed generation. These results confirm that the tested plants produce a range of substances with potential insecticidal effects. The different effects of extracts and pure main components suggest the presence of minor compounds, which should be tested as insecticides. [Szymon Chowańskia Ewa Chudzińskac Insecticidal properties of (Solanum nigrum) and (Armoraciar usticana) extracts on reproduction and development of Drosophila melanogaster, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Volume 162, 30 October 2018, Pages 454-463]"
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0147651318306237

PAS 2:

"The chemical analysis of extracts revealed the presence of numerous glycoalkaloids and glucosinolates in Solanumnigrum and Armoraciarusticana extracts. These extracts, as well as their main components, revealed lethal and sublethal effects, such as the altered developmental time of various life stages and malformations of imagoes. Interestingly, the results for the extracts and pure main compounds often varied. Some of the results were also observed in the unexposed generation. These results confirm that the tested plants produce a range of substances with potential insecticidal effects. The different effects of extracts and pure main components suggest the presence of minor compounds, which should be tested as insecticides. [Chowański S, Chudzińska E, Lelario F, Ventrella E, Marciniak P, Miądowicz-Kobielska M, Spochacz M, Szymczak M, Scrano L, Bufo SA, Adamski Z. Insecticidal properties of (Solanum nigrum) and (Armoracia rusticana) extracts on reproduction and development of Drosophila melanogaster. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Oct 30;162:454-463.
doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.030. Epub 2018 Jul 14.
PMID: 30015192.]"
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30015192/