Detail:

Due to the store grain pests, the keeping quality of grain deteriorates. The exiguous holes are observed on the grains by which the grains are not used for the food purpose. The mix the leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica), husk of gram (Cicer arietinum) and ash are used to protect the food before storing the grains in the granary. The husk of gram is salty in nature and hence controls the deterioration.

Knowledge Provider / Innovator: Chatura Parejiya
Agro-Ecological Zone: North West Zone (GJ-5) North Saurashtra (GJ-6)
Address: Mu. Kharava, Vatvana, Surendranagar, Gujarat
District: Surendranagar
State: Gujarat
PIN Code 363430

Formulation: The leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica), husk of gram (Cicer arietinum) and ash
Ingredients: Leaves of neem (Azadirachta indica), Husk of gram (Circer arietium), ash

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PAS 1:

"Put a thin layer, about 1 1/2 centimetres, of fresh neem leaves in the bottom of whatever container you use to store grain. On top of that put in a layer of sun dried grain about 30 centimetres thick. Then put in another thin layer of neem, and on top of that another 30 centimetres of grain. Keep on alternating a thin layer of neem leaves with a thicker layer of grain up to the top of the container. Then close it up. Your grain will be safe from insects." [Neem Protects Stored Grain, G. Venkataramani, Agricultural Correspondent, The Hindu, Kasturi Buildings, Anna Salai, Madras ‑ 600 002, INDIA.]
http://scripts.farmradio.fm/radio-resource-packs/package-29/neem-protects-stored-grain/#:~:text=Put%20a%20thin%20layer%2C%20about,another%2030%20centimetres%20of%20grain.

PAS 2:

"Neem (Azadirachtaindica A. Juss.) has been demonstrated to reduce insect populations in stored products through its toxic and growth-disrupting and other effects on the pests. Grain movement and percussion also help to kill pests in grain. The combination of neem and grain movement on population growth and development of four insect pests is reported in this study. Dried whole neem leaves, neem leaf powder and neem seed kernel oil were combined individually with dried beans and rice in separate experiments, and subjected to varying degrees of gentle grain tumbling. The results showed that the combined treatments were more effective in reducing populations and disturbing growth and development of Acanthoscelidesobtectus (Say) (Bruchidae), Sitophilusoryzae (Linnaeus) (Curculionidae), Oryzaephilussurinamensis (Linnaeus) (Silvanidae) and Cryptolestesferrugineus (Stephens) (Cucujidae) compared to the untreated control or the neem or tumbling treatments alone. This study demonstrates the potential of a simple, effective and cheap method of protecting stored seed or food grain in small-scale storage for resource-poor farmers who do not have access to sophisticated control methods, entoleters or other mechanical devices for grain protection." [Facknath, S. Combination of neem and physical disturbance for the control of four insect pests of stored products. Int J Trop Insect Sci 26, 16–27 (2006).
https://doi.org/10.1079/IJT200698]