Detail:

The fenugreek powder is mixed into the cold water, stir well and allow to stand for 12 to 14 hours. After filtration of the solution, neem leaves are added thoroughly into the boiling water. Filter the solution and pour some neem oil over it to completely cover the surface. Mix the two filtrated solutions together and add lime solution into it. Then heat the mixture for 1 hour and cool it. Spraying the solution, diluted to the required strength with water, gets rid of the invading worms in cotton and groundnut crops.

Knowledge Provider / Innovator: Vitthalbhai Merabhai
Agro-Ecological Zone: North West Zone (GJ-5) North Saurashtra (GJ-6)
Address: Mu. Velala, Muli, Surendranagar
District: Surendranagar
State: Gujarat
PIN Code 363510

Crop: Groundnut
Crop Family: Fabaceae
Crop Scientific Name: (Arachis hypogaea)
Crop Vernacular Name: Mungphali , Sing , Peanut
Formulation: Liquid solution fenugreek powder and neem
Ingredients: Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum), Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, oil.

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PAS 1:

"Neem oil contains at least 100 biologically active compounds. Among them, the major constituents are triterpenes known as limonoids, the most important being azadirachtin (which appears to cause 90% of the effect on most pests. The compound has a melting point of 160°C and molecular weight of 720 g/mol. Other components present include meliantriol, nimbin, nimbidin, nimbinin, nimbolides, fatty acids (oleic, stearic, and palmitic), and salannin. The main neem product is the oil extracted from the seeds by different techniques. The other parts of the neem tree contain less azadirachtin, but are also used for oil extraction (Nicoletti et al., 2012). It has been suggested that the content of azadirachtin in the seeds can be increased by artificial infection with arbuscularmycorrhiza (Venkateswarlu et al., 2008)." [Campos EV, de Oliveira JL, Pascoli M, de Lima R, Fraceto LF. Neem Oil and Crop
Protection: From Now to the Future. Front Plant Sci. 2016;7:1494. Published 2016 Oct 13.
doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.01494]
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5061770/

PAS 2:

The precise effects of the various neem-tree extracts on a given insect species are often difficult to pinpoint. Neem's complexity of ingredients and its mixed modes of action vastly complicate clarification. Moreover, the studies to date are hard to compare because they have used differing test insects, dosages, and formulations. Further, the materials used in various tests have often been handled and stored differently, taken from differing parts of the tree, or produced under different environmental conditions. [National Research Council (US) Panel on Neem.
Neem: A Tree For Solving Global Problems. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1992. 5, Effects on Insects. Available
from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234642/]
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK234642/