Detail:

Lucerne (Medicago sativa) infested with aphid becomes sticky, creates problem during harvesting. Yield is reduced. To control aphid in Lucerne (Medicago sativa), ash is sprinkled on the infested crop. At the time of irrigation, caster (Ricinius communis) oil is taken in the container with the hole at its base to drench the oil in the field. This container with caster (Ricinius communis) oil is hanged over the irrigation channel and oil is allowed to flow drop by drop with the irrigation water. This helps the uniform spread of caster (Ricinius communis) oil in the field.

Knowledge Provider / Innovator: Harjibhai Hirabhai Vaghela
Agro-Ecological Zone: North West Zone (GJ-5), North Saurashtra (GJ-6)
Address: Mu. MeraPatdi Surendranagar Gujarat
District: Surendranagar
State: Gujarat
PIN Code 382765

Crop: Lucerne
Crop Family: Legume
Crop Scientific Name: (Medicago sativa)
Crop Vernacular Name: Alfalfa" or "rijka"
Formulation: Caster (Ricinius communis) oil
Ingredients: Castor oil (Ricinius communis), ash, water

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PAS 1:

"Oils of plant origin are readily available and can be used in small amounts as adjuvants in tank-mix pesticide formulations. However, edible oils and petrochemical oils may be too expensive to consider for large-scale agricultural use. Castor oil, which is non-edible and abundant in several countries including Brazil, may be very useful in agricultural programs.Our experimental results indicated that the castor oil-based detergent applied on strawberry crops, in conjunction with well-known and established pesticides, can be a useful alternative due to its properties of low phytotoxicity to many plant species and to the fact that its residues break down rapidly through microbial action in the environment, translating into safety for humans and the environment." [GALHIANE, MárioSérgio et al. Evaluation of the performance of a castor-oil based formulation in limiting pesticide residues in strawberry crops. Quím. Nova [online]. 2012, vol.35, n.2 [cited 2020-10-30], pp.341-347. Available
from: <
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-40422012000200021&lng=en&Natural Resource Management=iso>. ISSN 0100-4042.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422012000200021. ]

PAS 2:

"Plants can defend themselves against the attack of aphids by producing secondary metabolites that can be used to control these insects. Ricinuscommunis is an interesting plant species with documented insecticidal activity (Rana et al. 2012)."
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/288446898_Ricinus_communis_L_-_A_review

PAS 3:

"Moreover, results of our investigation during the 48-h time period revealed insecticidal activity with ranges from 78 to 94% at 10,000 ppm, 32 to 70% at 5,000 ppm, and 38 to 42% at 2,500 ppm. This is similar to previous studies, such as that of Arya et al. (2014), who tested the oil ether extracts of R. communis seeds to control the aphid Lipaphiserysimi (Kaltenbach) (
Hemiptera: Aphididae) with concentrations of 10,000 ppm and 5,000 ppm causing 100% and 75% mortality, respectively, in 48 h." [César Sotelo-Leyva, David Osvaldo Salinas-Sánchez, Guadalupe Peña-Chora, Adriana Gabriela Trejo-Loyo, Manasés González-Cortázar, and Alejandro Zamilpa "Insecticidal Compounds in Ricinuscommunis L. (Euphorbiaceae) to Control MelanaphissacchariZehntner (
Hemiptera: Aphididae)," Florida Entomologist 103(1), 91-95, (8 April 2020).
https://doi.org/10.1653/024.103.0415]
https://bioone.org/journals/florida-entomologist/volume-103/issue-1/024.103.0415/Insecticidal-Compounds-in-Ricinus-communis-L-Euphorbiaceae-to-Control-Melanaphis/10.1653/024.103.0415.full